Welcome to our tracker on consumer energy prices in Europe, sourced from the latest Eurostat data covering the second half of 2023. On this page, we focus on Electricity Prices for Households, providing key insights and trends. For analysis on other categories, please visit our dedicated pages for other themes.
Electricity Prices for Households
Electricity prices for household consumers in the EU stood at €0.283 per kWh (all taxes and levies included) in the second half of 2023, according to the latest Eurostat data. This is a decrease from €0.294 in the first half of 2023, yet prices are still at historically high levels.
Household consumers in Germany, Ireland and Belgium faced the highest electricity prices in the second half of 2023. In Germany, a medium-sized household with an annual consumption between 2,500 kWh and 5,000 kWh saw an average price of €0.40 per kWh in the second half of 2023.
A more detailed breakdown of electricity prices for different household consumption groups shows that while Germany has the highest prices for medium-sized household consumers, Cyprus has the highest prices for the smallest consumer groups (less than 1000 kWh, and the Netherlands have the highest prices for the largest consumer group (above 15000 kWh in annual consumption).
Electricity prices for household consumers decreased in about half of European countries in the second half of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The largest increases (including taxes) occurred in the Netherlands, Czechia and Liechtenstein. Denmark, Moldova and Spain saw the largest decreases.
The chart below provides a more detailed view of electricity prices over time at country-level from 2007 to 2023. Note that not all countries have data for the full period covered by Eurostat data:
There is significant variation in the impact of taxes and levies on electricity prices for consumers. The highest share of taxes and levies on the final retail price was observed in Denmark, Poland and Cyprus in the second half of 2023.
Price levels differ greatly between European countries. The following visualization display electricity prices measured in Eurostat’s purchasing power standard (PPS). The PPS is calculated so that one unit of PPS buys the same amount of goods and services in each country, adjusting for differences in price levels.
When electricity prices are measured in PPS, the highest prices for household consumers in the second half of 2023 were observed in Czechia, Cyprus and Germany.
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About the data
The data presented on this page is based on Eurostat’s electricity price statistics (households and non-households), and Eurostat’s natural gas price statistics(households and non-households). Data is published twice annually by Eurostat.
Note that the article shows data for all countries Eurostat publishes data for, including non-EU member countries, to give the broadest possible picture of price developments in European countries.
Changelog
- December 2022: Released Eurostat data for first half 2022.
- April 2023: Updated with Eurostat data for second half 2022.
- September 2023: Added data for non-household consumers.
- October 2023: Latest update with Eurostat data for first half 2023.
- April 2023: Latest update with Eurostat data for second half 2023.